العوامل المحددة لإنتاج السيلاج :

<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on"><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">  </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">*</span><u style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">أنواع المزروعات القابلة للخزن بطريقة السيلاج :</u></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تتلائم عديد الأصناف من الزراعات العلفية مع عملية السيلجة نخص بالذكر منها :القصيبة، الشعير، التريتيكال، المنجور السنوي، الفستوكة، الذرة العلفية، خليط قصيبة، سلة، خليط تريتيكال، قرفالة.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">  *<u>قابلية الأعلاف للخزن بطريقة السيلاج :</u><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">يمكن خزن كل النباتات سواء كانت طبيعية تلقائية أو أعلاف مزروعة عن طريق عملية السيلاج إلا أن بعضها تتوفر فيها قابلية للخزن أكثر من غيرها.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">    أ/كمية السكريات الذائبة :<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.1pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">  كلما كان العلف غنيا بالسكريات الذائبة، نشطت البكتيريات اللكتيكية في عملية التخمر  وارتفعت حظوظ نجاح السيلاج نتيجة إنتاج الكمية اللازمة من حمض اللكتيك. وفي هذا الصدد فإن النجليات (القصيبة، الشعير، التريتيكال، الدرع، الذرة العلفية و المنجور الحولي) غالبا ما تكون غنية بالمواد السكرية الذائبة (أكبر من 8 بالمائة باعتبار المادة الجافة).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">وتبلغ نسب هذه المواد أقصى حدها في طور "الحليب-عجين" بالنسبة للنجليات، وفي طور البرعم الزهري بالنسبة للبقوليات. كما ينخفض مستوى السكريات أيضا بفعل تسميد ازوتي مفرط فيه أو بفعل تجفيف جزئي للعلف قبل طمره تحت ظروف تجفيف غير ملائمة (في طقس مغيم و رطب)، أو إذا ما طالت المدة أو الفترة بين الحش و تغطية المطمور.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; tab-stops: 280.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">  ب/قدرة دفع الحموضة </span><span dir="LTR" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pouvoir tampon)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) :<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; tab-stops: 280.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تحتوي الأعلاف على كميات متفاوتة من المعادن والمواد الازوتية التي لها قدرة على مقاومة انخفاض الحموضة المنجرة عن التخمر. فكلما ارتفعت هذه القدرة، إلا وقلت حظوظ نجاح السيلاج. وترتبط هذه الخاصية بنوع العلف فهي هامة لدى البقوليات (نظرا لغنائها بالبروتينات)، وترتفع مع تقدم الطور النباتي للأعلاف ومع الإفراط في التسميد الازوطي لدى الحبوب العلفية.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; tab-stops: 280.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">   ت/محتوى العلف من المادة الجافة : <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; tab-stops: 280.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تعتبر رطوبة العلف عند طمره أهم الخاصيات التي يرتبط بها نجاح السيلاج. وينصح عموما بطمر العلف عندما يتراوح محتواه من المادة الجافة بين 30 و 35 بالمائة، وهو المستوى الذي يتم فيه التخمر اللكتيكي على أحسن وجه.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; tab-stops: 280.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ففي حالة خزن علف ذي نسبة مادة جافة منخفضة جدا عن هذه القيمة ينتج عنه ضياع المكونات الغذائية مع عصارة السيلاج علاوة عما يسببه العصير من أضرار بيئية. وقد تنحصر في هذه الحالة حموضة كتلة العلف فوق </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">pH5</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-TN">، <span style="color: #7030a0;">                                                                           </span>مما يتسبب في حدوث تعفنات ثانوية غير مرغوب فيها. أما في حالة خزن علف مستواه من المادة الجافة يفوق بكثير 35 بالمائة, فقد يستعصي ضغط كتلة العلف بالدرجة الكافية لطرد الهواء بداخله بصفة آلية. والنتيجة تكاثر التعفنات به. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> في كلتا الحالتين تجدر الإشارة إلى ضرورة اتخاذ التدابير اللازمة لتفادي الوقوع في فخ التخمرات الغير مرغوب فيها.<o:p></o:p></span></div><br /><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ضرورة معرفة نسبة المادة الجافة بالعلف وذلك إما عن طريق الاتصال بالمخابر العاملة في الغرض أو استعمال فرن كهربائي ( </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Micro-ondes</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Four à</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></div>

العوامل المحددة لإنتاج السيلاج :

   * أنواع المزروعات القابلة للخزن بطريقة السيلاج : تتلائم عديد الأصناف من الزراعات العلفية مع عملية السيلجة نخص بالذكر منها :القصيبة، الشعي...

+ مزيد من المعلومات »

السيلاج والتغييرات الكيميائية

<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on"><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">التغيرات الكيميائية التي تطرأ على السيلاج ابتداء من الحش إلى نهاية التخمر :<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المرحلة الأولى : ابتداء من الحش :<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">بحش العلف، تنقطع جميع التفاعلات الحيوية ما عدا عملية التنفس التي تستمر داخل كتلة العلف على حساب السكريات، محولة إياها إلى غاز و ماء و طاقة وهذا ما يؤدي إلى ارتفاع درجة حرارة كتلة العشب المحشوشة وخفض كمية السكريات.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المرحلة الثانية : التخمرات الهوائية :<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">إثر ملئ المطمور تستمر الخلايا النباتية في التنفس مستهلكة الأكسيجين المتبقي في الجيوب الهوائية وتتكاثر في نفس الآن بكتيريات هوائية سرعان ما تختفي بزوال الأكسيجين.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تمتد هذه المرحلة من 5 ساعات في أحسن الظروف إلى عدة أيام إذا ما لم يتم طرد الأكسيجين سريعا من كتلة العشب، لذلك يجب في هذه المرحلة الأولى من تصنيع السيلاج العمل على تقصير المدة المتراوحة بين حصاد العلف وغلق المطمور لإرساء الظروف اللاهوائية في أسرع وقت ممكن. وعموما ينصح بأن لا تتعدى هذه المدة 48 ساعة.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المرحل الثالثة : بداية التخمرات اللاهوائية :<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">باختفاء الأكسيجين من كتلة العشب، تنشط البكتيريات اللاهوائية. وتقترن هذه التخمرات ببداية انخفاض حموضة الكتل العلفية وتستغرق هذه المرحلة من 24 إلى 72 ساعة.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المرحلة الرابعة : التخمر اللاهوائي اللكتيكي :<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تنشط البكتيريات اللكتيكية (</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">bactéries lactiques</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) في هذه المرحلة محولة باقي السكريات إلى حمض اللكتيك مما يؤدي إلى انخفاض حموضة العلف بسرعة إلى ما دون </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">pH4 </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> وهي تسمى حموضة الاستقرار اللاهوائي(</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">pH de stabilité anaérobique</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> .<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">وببلوغ هذه الحموضة، تنتهي عملية التخمر ويعتبر السيلاج في حالة حفظ مستقر ما لم يتسرب إليه الهواء. تستمر هذه السلسلة من التخمرات من عدد أسابيع تبعا لدرجة إنتاج الحامض ولكمية السكريات الموجودة داخل خلايا العلف.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المرحلة الخامسة : التخمرات الثانوية :<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">إذا لم تنخفض درجة الحموضة إلى أقل من </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">pH5</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span> تقريبا إما بسبب ضآلة كمية المواد السكرية الذائبة بالعلف الأخضر أو لارتفاع مستوى رطوبته، فقد تنشط البكتيريا المنتجة لحمض البيوتريك (</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">acide butyrique</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) مستهلكة جزءا من طاقة السيلاج عبر تحويل السكريات والحامض اللكتيك ذاته إلى حامض البيوتريك ومكونات أخرى. وقد تهاجم البروتينات وتنتج الأمونيا مع أحماض أمينية. وهذا التخمر المنعوت بالتخمر الثانوي غير مرغوب فيه لأنه يؤدي إلى إنتاج سيلاج رديء.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">المرحلة السادسة : التخمرات الهوائية عند فتح المطمور : <o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">تبدأ هذه المرحلة عند فتح المطمور وتشمل خاصة كتلة العلف الملامسة للهواء التي تندلع بها تعفنات فطرية و خمائرية تتسبب في إتلاف جزء منه.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">وفي ما يلي جدول ملخص لأهم الأطوار التي يمر بها السيلاج :<o:p></o:p></span></div><br /><div align="right"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent3" dir="rtl" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-dir: bidi; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 646px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.35pt;" valign="top" width="83"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br /></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">المرحلة الأولى</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">المرحلة الثانية</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="top" width="110"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">المرحلة الثالثة</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 79.95pt;" valign="top" width="107"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">المرحلة الرابعة</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.8pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">المرحلة الخامسة</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">المرحلة السادسة</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.35pt;" valign="top" width="83"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">عمر السيلاج</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">إثر الحش<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">من 0 إلى يومين<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="top" width="110"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">من 2 إلى 3 أيام<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.45pt;" valign="top" width="57"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">من 3 إلى 4 أيام<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 37.5pt;" valign="top" width="50"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">21 يوم<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.8pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">-<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">عند فتح المطمور<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr style="height: 51.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="border: none; height: 51.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.35pt;" valign="top" width="83"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">نوع الأنشطة</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="border: none; height: 51.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.5pt;" valign="top" width="173"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">تنفس الخلايا، إنتاج ثاني أكسيد الكربون وطاقة وماء<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 51.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="top" width="110"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">إنتاج حامض الخليك واللكتيك وكحل الإيتانول<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 51.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.45pt;" valign="top" width="57"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">انتاج الحمض اللكتيكي<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 51.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 37.5pt;" valign="top" width="50"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">توقف التخمر<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 51.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.8pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">إنتاج حمض البيوتريك<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 51.95pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">تحلل هوائي عند فتح المطمور<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.35pt;" valign="top" width="83"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">تغير درجة الحرارة</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">32-20<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">40<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="top" width="110"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.45pt;" valign="top" width="57"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 37.5pt;" valign="top" width="50"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.8pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.35pt;" valign="top" width="83"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span dir="LTR" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">pH</span></b><span dir="LTR" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.5pt;" valign="top" width="173"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><span dir="RTL"></span>6.0-6.5<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="top" width="110"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">6.5-6.0<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.45pt;" valign="top" width="57"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">4.0-5.0<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 37.5pt;" valign="top" width="50"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">أقل من 4<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.8pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">7.0-4.0<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr><tr style="height: 32.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 32.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 62.35pt;" valign="top" width="83"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">الأحياء المعنية</span></b><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 32.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">خلايا النبتة<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 32.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">البكتيريات الهوائية<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 32.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="top" width="110"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">بكتيريا الخليك و اللكتيك<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 32.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 79.95pt;" valign="top" width="107"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">بكتيريات اللكتيك<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 32.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.8pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">بكتيريات البيوتريك<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 32.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.75pt;" valign="top" width="86"> <div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: #76923c; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">خمائر و فطريات<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div>

السيلاج والتغييرات الكيميائية

التغيرات الكيميائية التي تطرأ على السيلاج ابتداء من الحش إلى نهاية التخمر : المرحلة الأولى : ابتداء من الحش : بحش العلف، تنقطع جميع التفاعلا...

+ مزيد من المعلومات »

السيلاج

<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on"><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">المقدمة :<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">إن تحقيق الإكتفاء الذاتي من الحليب واللحوم الحمراء يعد من بين أهم أهداف التنمية الزراعية . وبالتالي لابد من العمل على توفير حاجيات القطيع من الأعلاف بالنوعية والكمية اللازمتين.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">إن المناخ المتوسطي  يبقى من أهم العوامل الطبيعية التي تأثر على إنتاجية الأعلاف والإنتاج الحيواني بصفة عامة, إذ أنه يتسم بقلة الأمطار وعدم انتظامها و ارتفاع درجة الحرارة في فصلي الصيف و الخريف.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ويعتبر الربيع الفصل الأكثر تلاؤما لنمو سريع ومتواتر للأعلاف، حيث تتوفر فيه حاجيات الماشية من الغذاء وغالبا ما تفوق كميات الأعلاف المنتجة والمتوفرة طبيعيا في هذا الفصل حاجيات القطيع خصوصا خلال السنوات الممطرة.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><a href="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="149" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBhMSERUUExIVFBUWGBQYGRgYFBgXFxgXFRYYFxQYFRgXHCYeFxkjGRUYHy8gJCcpLCwsFx4xNTAqNSYrLCkBCQoKDgwOGg8PGiwkHyQpKSwpLCwpLCksLCksLCwsKSwpLCwpLCwpLCwsKSkpLCkpKSwpLCksKSwpLCwsKSwpLP/AABEIAMIBAwMBIgACEQEDEQH/xAAcAAACAgMBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAADBAIFAAEGBwj/xABDEAABAgQEAwUFBgMFCQEAAAABAhEAAyExBBJBUQVhcQYigZGhEzKxwfAHQlJy0eEUIzNigrLS8RUWQ1NjkpOiwiT/xAAZAQEBAQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAIDBAX/xAAiEQEBAAICAwEBAQADAAAAAAAAAQIREiEDMUETYVEEQpH/2gAMAwEAAhEDEQA/APQ5UoNAFzAFWhjD961o1/C1vH03zxpYDRMSw0Ku0TRiAYExcmsVXFsWEqSgJBKi2XNkJ/IosFHxEWeNxiJctUxaglCASonQD49Io8T2owS0h58tSToahuaW+Ii3IRTw/MoOFTSiplqHs8TLH4pSw2cPsa/iJoeY+0Dtf7JIlSpgXOKaT0EomJlkkLlzkAABbi1GvlSYb4/20w0mW0iZ7VQfKg+0SZKmLTJU0h0gFgZdQQWoHB87wPGEierE4h581wtILFC5j19rmHutokbWjz5Zbrrjj9db2N4DKwUsYzGHIouEJORQWhaEkFIDqKqnZtaPF5x7t5hJuEnJlKV7RaMoBlke8QFVqPdJ1jzPH8WmYg55igSKAAMlKdEoSKJSNgIXSl6Rc9dRWd9vROLjDjh2Dly5stR9pLMxlJJBUlRXmFwxWRXaPTOzOHH8LJIaqAabqqo+ZMeOdjOw07GLSay5KT3plna4Q/vH0Gu0eydkXOCkmvulnuU5lZD/ANrRi5UcVqBGyaRsoiKhGWe4CsQusQdUCnGO2LLcoA6RGdIFoXKoPKBMas12ScyUIRnS4tMQloXXLcRv2tqlcuAlLxYYiW1IWlpgJdUmATERZT0wjNEIKkQJUMKEAmJgaDKYikRIxopgQ2eIkwN4mIUbwqH0izSgRUSZ7GkPInbxA3kG0bhQ4uMgS7lygg0tA5825MTCzGTZvdtG2VBxbiRLBNqvCsjHFmfxieMwjqLc6Rz/AGmx5wsl37ynCBz1V0H6bx23jMd1jVtVH2g9pytsMhbpSQVkWK9E9E3PPpHC/wAUU2ManzTc3P05hePnZZcrt7scdTRxU4rrr6wJoFm2goxG4ruPmINtCyltHadiuzyJx9rNXKShJoiavIJh1Zq5Qb7mm8cOmZyj3j7NePe1w0iV3aImJZMtSMqpRSaqcpW6VglmIJDg5njUv1yz/iywxnT2loyIkMy1IQoOhmySVKIuKZkpYCxekdbhpSUpCUgJSkAACgAAYAcmhYy2gM3tDhpVJmIlJ5GYl/J3gz79MYXtaEQExzuL+0vh6P8Aj5uSUqPqwHrFYPtXw8wkSZGImq2TLB+BJEYxlb8nfp1c5UKTZkc3M7UY+Z/S4XMHOasI9FZYqeN8W4nKlqWtWDkFIJCM+aYrkkFwTHoxunHi7Qqg0mZSPOexPblSpgkYleczFHIvZRNEK0Y6HS3T0NEovG9yqzSc4xAMzQaaiFptIYAcZh6QklEWM2YSGhFaGiQcyXCU4RYZzaFp8iJK5QjFIhz+HgK0tA1Ca0NEFLhidLhRYaIpCJNAQYLn2iSSUtBTiIFLBMMCWIggJkZE/YxkSdEEloEuU8ETPcRAzgLxplU4uT7MKmE91Lkk6AVJjx/tNxw4mcpZfKKIGyRbxNzHtXFJErESVSl5sq6ULFwXBB6jpHkvaTsLOkArQoTpYd8oIWkaFSOmoeMeXlY349S9uRd4xUTKNogUx5npRvEkxtSHFD4a9dmjSUHpAhEprHafZzhcZNmTE4SamUtMtSnVz7rJDEZiSkObNHPYXhk72qZJl5Fry5RMeW+f3CSoWOhMPTJWKwi1JKZmHWU1AJQVJLFgU+8lwPENpGtsWOn7HzjjkzcJisXOQP6iSpQYKQppgVnsa7hq3i5mdmeCSB/Mxa5p5Tc3l7JLeZjy5Mwmpvq93jMx2JjbGnpHC+P8OlIaXw4T5gKu8pKcpGc+zLrzEd3LRr7wSf8AaVi6pkYWXIGwlkkX6JdgdNDHA4LHrluwFWcEAihdJrqDBZ3GpqnJXetC3+Ecz5neLSdJjeNcQnB14lQDlJAWEBJFwfZsNvNrxy+JJzEE5iKEuS/NzeMkEzFAFVxcuS+wcx2yfs6lz8IZuFnrXNA/prCB3h7yKDukixsaeEvTg8KAlYNaF/DX0j2bsX2p9sBKmKeYB3Vf8xIH+IDzvvHjSkkXBoSCCGIIoQRoQYe4VxIy1DvEBwQQfdVoR4wizb6BWqsDWxim7MdoxiUMogTUjvDcfjTyOo0PhFvNXHSOWg1oELqQIkubAiuNbTEygIhMDxpS40mZBsojDvAZ2BhkTImZjgxJTTJJ0hWbh4t0SzrAZkqLS2pVSIjki1VKEaGEER2RlQULiyk4EQSbhABQViW1XnjIb/hTt6RkS2dwqgqgg68NoYc4Zw4pTYV84TmTKl4dxkXDyUp0hHiuDCjmDAt5/vDHt+cRWrMDDMtVWOTxf2bycY66yValADHmpJoTzDeMawH2QSZZBmTFzgPutkHixJ8iI7bCKbuw+iM5SW70ZlZNbeUdr/s1SGmYSUSfvSnGWxZScxBu3dc/KOAxvB50n+rJmS9O8ggV2JDGPo+dIeE8Rw9K0lC0hSTQhQcHqDHO4StzyWe3hPHe007FzUzJoQFISEpypYsC4ckkqYv5xHinaifPDTZq5pdxnLgXdhYaW2j0rHfZLhpkwKQtcpJd0DvVamVSnIroX8IPg/sgwaWzrnTP7yUj/wBUv6wca1yxeQSphJtTl16QdCSTqfH5R7phOwuAlWwyD+fMv/GSItpOHlSw0uWhH5UJT/hEUxFzjyLgH2b4nEoznLJSWYzMwKhuEgO3Ms+jw5x/7LJ0iQZqJqZxRVSEoKTl+8pPeOZrts+zR6kqfAziDvGuLPOvnhBb9Y63sn2oXJmAgubKS9Jif8w+rtDPb3sgJRViZIaUSPaIA9wqLFSB+Ek2ox5GnIz8GqXlUCcqmKVswdgSH3D+IY6xn06e49A7c9nU4mX/AB2EYkpKpqLZgkVUB/zAAxGt7ivFDhClYYYhBCkAlMwAVln7pVugjXQvHRdke1RlK73uls6dj+NI+ntpBZ7cNxntEgHB4qhAqlOapDWIDuN0kjSIeulJ2e40uStLKZSfdO41Sd6enSPV+H8aTPlhaabjVJ1EeX9r+zgwxE2Uf5Ky6WNUFswY6o1B010MS7PceWhyk95mUmwVsQ7tXlvvDLoWbeoqnRW47tGiWQC1VZHUtKUu2YkuXYAXa9Lx51/vVi85OTMpQSgUUEd16hLvMJJNaaNSkRmcHnTJhmzltMSxyBKUmlgSL2a/WM87fUb/ADxk7va0xnaUjErnpDFCUJKSVMpSzlD/AN17bDnHQ8P7YS10X/LO90+enjHm/FFrUpMtSCnNUlwaB/wwmfaSj3FZh+FRr4GC3L41hPHZrP8A9e5ILhwXB1FvCJgtHkfBO2kyUWSop3QqqT4fMVj0LgnauViO6T7OZ+E2J/snXoaxvHyS9XoeTwXHudxeZoVnKG8GVhibH0jE4ZhZzHbUebZYkCG5MwNvAf4ArLaQUYXJRoLrSm01TW0hvDySzmkV4mMbQf2puSfOMtabVPL0FI3ATOMZFtaXKcQyWd4qsQKmsTlrpeATVc4FoHNBpULgkmDy0EGEU/hQNYbNIrkKMFkrUzGsIMGdBlUEKiMnBRi0me2rBkqeEcpEFE4wHQs1ULqmQYRgkPEiqlwGZiALkCoFSBU0ArqYsxg30jlO02HC8fhJMxhKZc1QJYEocjNy7rf3jBVKZ7ScRTIwy1zE5kkZcpssqoEnkavyBjgOGyky5SkTw8mZUId1ouUso0zJJoeanvS4+0fjUqcyUzQoIWmiahmOYuKOTztFD2hxEo96TNUSGBSoEOCbgH4iOWVvx2wknshJwOVQKJhJ07lxzAJi9k8Ulrw0zDTiMimyqILy1O+Yb6kClaWJjmxNINC3Q7xippOxNeR/SOPOyvZj4sc8d6W/ZSUcXMGEnTlpyBYTkKS4NVBy4KSA3jsSyvaHgCsHPWZeZUpCgAokEhwHC2+6S4flpSEESUvnqFBwQKFjqnY7c+sMHjE0SpktUwqz916EFP3u8alwwba+0dZlt58/Hx32e4H2rRLX3pZAJZwxI26ipizmAlZVUDQamOe7LcJz4hCj7gUTUipSHA6O0WnFu00v2xlpSoFOYKLXIsAL6GvSNTJyynao4rOAxC6vlZIPQDN/7Ewiua8O8T4PNR/MWApK+9nSoFJK+824vqIRw6HdgS16OB12iG0ZsgEd4PtGuE4heYpBJADgG7vZ4cRh1MTlJSA76MGf4jzjXBuHK9pmdBzMpgXITzYUNQW5QWbbwzuPqvQOyvaqdPweJAZU2RLzJUokUZThbB3TlpvR946Hshh54woViEhK1qUsBwQEKCSm1taR5/2UwIROmrXNEuXMCpSmBIqAFZu8MjgkBRBAcmhaPV52JUoMBSNYz/fjOeW96+hpnsXaI4ie8AnlqQnMmGOjkeChC2KxOkL+1WbCIiUdamDRF/jIyFzIjItE97YtSAZVGADEhomnFRaCwwgy3MNYpYakVaJoOsMy1PGmUpM4mgEWWHRpCcqWxcQ17YvzhtUOqlACJy0sHKXhRCiYsJU1IFYxb0ixwxMMYbAsKwQz09I0MRGLcr6M0GcOHjJoRLSVLISlIcklgBqSYNhwDePHvtQ7aKXMVIlF5SCxrRShUk/iY0AtR+hbfSmO3TcX+1WQglGHQJqhqpRSl+QAcjq0cdxTtdNxM6XiJktB9kk9zKTLNT76VHvXLeEcRw3HpTNzLBIYijOH1ryeGcbxCqkoQpNO9ncrLVA5DlHLK349fj8WOt07xLHmacqUC70oOTbCpiGJlFIzKvs992cWjMNLEtJUTkcXep2Au23ibRTTVlSjUl9y8Mmp2z96M/7WU1DlPT4xFfEiWdudBWAKkpTQlzsNOsYEoNKg82MZuTUmvRmZiM1Evb1ewPRoBLJY97U39YDMSUH68xG1rBSKsQ78ydSYZ/sOWVs7X3BscpKFKB9ximtATWniB5RWcRxhUsKIzKBrS9XIOVi36wRM72eG1cqr9eAhDD8QKZgWglJBoRQ1v6RqOWvq3TNw8yUfZpWicCpSkuSgpzMkJer95Irsbwzw6YU1sRr+0c7NxClKcqUSSS5Jd/1iw4emaosAVNTo+/OLlMe6p4ss7xx7XPaDGLMvPLIEshMooYZvxBQ5aeHgLpLpYKASpEqUkjZszb6AeUVCMktOaaEnLR1USnSgGvmTvFDxLtZdMpyNFLcAflSD6qfpGZ5N9yOuX/G4Tjle/wCdu14Lhc8pKjRlLKTqTmIdW6ae747Nd8L4quQQhSVql7JD5BvLJun/AKZqPu6A+ZcH7bzEZUTFdwFyQhJLEuQ1HqXuDUx3/AsWjFhZSqZkSQHZCQp3oGdSaDd66GOuN28uWFxdrLmyVpCwsqCgCOYNjAFqAdoVCkgMKCwAsBoBEfaAR1ZMZ+UQCyID7baAzJhg0TBmCMhAvvGRaSCMdJ1nS/8AyJ/WJHicgWmo/wC4fKONPbWWoPLkqQo0BJTlBa6kh6eERwvaGSimYrNznlKLmpJByuL2tHLm6cHao4xJH/FT5wSf2ukSjLH9T2kwIJSSMjt3iMpcXttHIDthI0lLJ2CE/MxBfa2QSxkKmcjLDD/1i/Sjg9Dn9ocOFUmuNO6v/LAv96MPpMPhLmf5Y4UfaBLTROHOwqEj1TG1/aGdMMf/ACkfBMF8lP5u9/3olhLpUQRUFSFAerPG8D20lroSpa6vkQQG3qaX3jz+T2v9sClcvJ+E5isk7VFIBh+PqkErlgFRDMp2YkPY9Ix+t2Lhq6ekr7btiEoMlXsygnMaKzA+6A7Nq7xap7SJP/Bm+SR/9x5VK7e4h3yykvcss+meCTO3eLBLeyp/0z/mjX6H849IxvafJKmKEqYGSoucoFi33o+f+JzypTk6W2/eOzxPazFzUqQpUvKoEECUl2IYsdDHBYwnOXuSfjFy21jhpEKIYgsbuKHzhvAIYuQ4Gj+MKJqINJnMSG0PnGHUfFgBgS5+H6QXBSDlJF6Acios/hCE1NXepizwU7KlJHu5k5ujFj5t5xZVnFdSZKJSWAqxruaXPjC+NwqJqSwZQF+e3O0Rxyy7hyK02G4jeEWzqLgAPXXX5esY3d6dJjjw5b7VQlZpRJun6P1yiumpoXi/kyWw61HV28afOKiXIK5iUBLklvrk1YcWKliJJyJQVGwV00+LxXGcAoi+j/OL3iaf/wBCkiyQB4JAH7+MV6OHEpcMoeZ5jcesMyWhMCxLJqT6aW3r6x0WH45hpKCkrKSBYB1K5JaxO5aOYSRLlKUkMVMlNdVO/kAT1aB4DhyMmeYsS016qb8PwiuPL26YeS+OWT3fqfFsfMxCgpSciPuJsAB6k1vzhMIpSnqIkEB3EFybkDlDbpzLrljpBuGcWm4aYFylkb7EbKFlCMVL2LwBW0Mq09u7PcclYuSJiaEUWjVKm9Rsf3htSw7Bnu2rHX0jxXs7xmbh1qCC3tE5TtcEHqG9TFzL7Rz0zvalZXuOXyHON/rr243x347vtFx3+GlZmcmg2B5+DnwMcvwbtYtaxnmWLMzuVM7gXJ02KjoIqOMY9eJCSfeYg1Ise6wGw316xSSsCsF6g+PRo55eXd6rUw1O3pE7tQMxyhxux8bHeNx5yrCTCX70ZF+39XBJKBv5/wCsZTcfGG5XDFaslub+o6Q5J4ezEmhDUSL2uY4XKO3StQhRDJUW1AeNexUaVP1tFzLw6UlgDo2h6uOURVw0X0epJPLcxnmdxWy0s+YK6At8efKBLXXujLqa/o0W6+Fi4JNmYD6+ERThUj/mE7OKekPOLcIS8aoKByuAbvYCtAdYuJOHCvvDob05Go0pzhhWBQpjlZmYkAGlaG99oJJky0LKilKioMAcoG9AG+jDPJjpi93ZCTMDHKkkJIDt1+NfAaOIeVw6atKlpy5XINQ6TUANUvTn8oew/EPZCkqUkXAEtAY7UiqxHHu/m7xU7FvDmBRvhBfJP+sU/rEcInsTnUDZKcpUCGcqJRa7bvFFxHgk5CParQctiQCzuammsdnwztQEE94rByuD8tjF0jthhpgyqQSCCCGCgeTagxqeT/RdvHkTGg6cSNvWOg7Q4Ph61PIVMlHVJTmT4Alx5kbRRS+Goq+IQP7kw/8AzSOnKUgra5+tof4ZiRY1SQxG4N/rlEMfIwyZaRKmTVzAe8VIAQRpkrmDc3d9IrhNYtDvadbJkTGGQCanTcbAi4g6OFzF/wBQplyxUgU86xzMnihT1GxYwadxhxUk9S8GlpZ8Xx6SAhFEJ9T+g+cU3D+LiTOCyMzBQZwLgi/jCeIxhVzhQAqPMkAQmH8ZxJUyYtYpnJN6ttBpeECwCmalKmFHIqAAzxUGME2Ds6XmKwqxJKpgSWUAN6glwdQwaBzgkSwpRBUpgAfeytoPupisOLUUBLlgXZyz6U8TBQju5ibluZ/aHHpmmsFhiosNYsVcIo+ZRJ1NR5GBcDZz+X5wXiGJVnDEgAOLdKQ2yTZxxueWorVSik18Y1iZTV3v9fVoscXKc+HwMDxkn+W/T5frFYxKrcOUgUHe3cUGt+TiGsLNWtYF3Z3vs9YrkkZoKmM2ukx2upspabFnu37RFEpZcvaFuFzVKmpS5LvR3sCY6E4WhpGpqsZdKsKWLKp+RB9SIyGiSKVjIeMZ2NLmgj9voxCdjOZHnUcmr1pAcVOU3cvYPbr9bQHOtTAghvNV7t8Y8emxs6jQEEG1SNoOgmtiza/G5vCRXoUlk6kuTyiaMe1qHY1u/jSCxG/4YmpUK3r8LAXg0sjMwI7rg1157fvFfhpqluVHKkbUB6gwYYoPlSK12r1py6QaRvETkpDvWzu3R3FohmSK5a1NiS58HeBSsOokFTAjeptRzp6RIYE1dT15+gfffygpZNmghlEtszVejwtO4ScgyIJJ3Nfk0W0pKEh38aFt7eMSXjAA7HaxBNNvpopdJTyOEzWYhvJ6aQWdhlCqktzf4w9LxCtczHowoBqfSCZQKnvbk0sKWvDyCnmqCixY3+69fjGlYYD8NNh9esOY+aknK+X8ISNdSBtzipTNmVBBbQt+t41Fpucit3+R6AQr/spzU/R5Q5K7uoJ1Pw+ET9sCGz+Nb/pDMrPSVR4bsqvMRpPDCQ4UOY1PSLlWEewKjyHqYawnCFFTez8/nrtpD+lKgQhqUPhbxh2ViFZcoSkJLAjKD/rHRHhQAZUtBvbzo/1WJjDyxT2YrypXc6ecYvkWnKzOG5iwktzDtAf9iPoob/TR1aeGIBoWfTNf52iMzIk99u71bpW0H66Xpy0/s4pPuudWIALed3iMvs5PVUpHIEh/COsURQhIJ9LUgKFrc5j4AWo99fCHHzZJUYHhqpdTfZnFdOcNnDAl3prR/ImHp84JSMxKvFnG5r1hTETZZfvNpd71GkankyWgFSXNCHLJA+usQ46QlASOXkPoQcSkFNBXcFQI/eIzJKQfeFt3r42/1jc819Vnj25tEpRL5S27U84MrCKGx6RdKUlN1O9RT5iBPKNAznc19Yz+lrpLor2fH/6E/wB7/CY7D4xzWCQmWoTEpJoaOzPSH5vG2UwRobqH7UjrjnIxn3R5yRmNSK7xkJK4nLJcuDqxDPrGo3+mLGqrv41k2fYc/DmY3InKJLsNKFzaIZEAipJ0Ac87isNIwwB/p1PMsNn6R5+nRqdiEoKUodS9dbBnc/VIZwqCSXuz10A3aIy8GhKnYZrOOY0f6vEp+XQ6ucp2FPKM0CoKWZbM9zqfyi9eesGlKBrLAuzlt4QkywKqAsQ1TTYudzGe3VMbKktomtnq4AZm1MGksUgEnMQVVtp0D3tWNom53AfTQ/KE5eCP3zXcAAc4aVPQhJYEVAdgOZaM06Mz5YACU5iNqi/PpEZeGYEkjckm3rWEU49S0sAQmtfDRusHkYUlBdSgDRrUsCX84Nf6kpuJDgoLjkwNfXy3heYs3VNatmzEvYU6/GDy+DMKLAc6tpt9CHpEpKWZJNGffYltHi3Ilfg5SCs5ULUrVSn+Pj6Q3jOHgsFEudAbOKMDrrDntRckBvo/XOIjEVOVIatTT94NpWHg7AADM2p3+cO4PAIlDvZauGBHi+rxJU6t0929/Cmh6xJK5ZSNfRt+sW6kZ6QQwBA1CQTrqYlJwqmc5htUP0oKesbCmNFCraCnQ6wwcUczAcq8x9dIySi1kDvHb+0Tq1ohiJiPvkDkXAbw/XeGFhJY3A/s+FrtAMVhpZTmKQ4cuxd222/WKRNLSlYZJy1uLD02+IiE1FnANgXNyzUAP6xNKUlN9rqBr+nwgM3EFLMQDVtR0fSHSNEMXYDmAAaD4fpCWKQTZQGt6sSxo3PnG/b5h3wXDhwK6PXR41OxIDgjTbQbvrWHS2gqQFUzENUVp84TXhAlgAeZFWauvrEpuOzKBIYNYpI3Y23aBoxoWqheumh0ez82jeqhDh2DggjoCefONGSlQJNLOGanO2vWJHD9/M73d2Ar50jJuFoSlV6GtfqsAKzGBbUgMD7v1aFZ8pSixSAzWLRaTFGneBBGtDS+WjHpG0JAvXmaE9Nr+kO0QTLAoD/df9vlA5uHN8wA0r8Wv+0OT5Q0SA+wre73hRUkOL1c3+D1H6wxNowtKO1bHnGRhRKFwfMD5j4Rka3VoxgsDkSK1rVq2sImSBqz6PUt9VjSF0Dly1A1+Q8r84VUHUD7wv4uQAPEekHtGpiylJVUUt1B51ivMsuKuqlNA9Ej9olPnqHdcBiHJbWobY/rGpWISAHctWjXfzeNQrDDySaEtvTzdzWrxNdAcguwffemwaEZWKCQHfvVa/QOPqsOYUFwovQaWJNDSMWD01LkrV53IFuT6/WkSmYBCi3rq+6f9IanzAHJUyQGoBTq0QMwmp7qOZrXQDnXoIztCgEAJTetSzgAUApvrzMElIXcrcULAUPia+PWASwghwPlerN5RNWLAezAB2clttn84O0YTia1NA7sQE8hXpvvaMlTjUsovRm+voQknH5iB7NixZwAfBINfW8WuEXvXoGSN+dPOKpuUhRqTlAayRm68vGCrQK0P11gM6f3w1Qxcm35n10iGa+YX+FNb84E2vEJST/LzVOu9ATRvjSIpq7sEgsW31qLa2EQM8CmU+I0bT4wjPxp7pQASaW+8GcjR2N+sWtmHJ6QtiDlegcuGs4a0FmzMoBBKi13sNSK9PW0KyZrkOmoCq60OU18PWAjE5i4UyXJYWA3axoSW2hsDMQwDqWtTKJd6/2bdfhG8FOUQnIkGjAkhmeuo00bUwCa7tQ1Zy3i3OnlE0KS1ObqbpUjTT6rCVihCkkZSnNdtzq7cuRaCZwpXujMxoAQ3g/W+0VAxSgXq5qwLivjTrDiZxHvgWDm3hQwIecl2ABG53/LvAJ2HqTvfMCdG0iYxKVWWkm16gHeBTFFIdJCxVx41LePzh0yW/gcwYDKLEs7gXIpA5mGy0JSEhjRR6W8QXhmTxJ6VD1PyJ5fXQGIClKqwQGL1r4i0a9EXNoC9Kd46UL66XhdSqgFQJ6FIrchqteMnT9HFCGanIczpC6ZZrQKU7uzs7OKmJJGcBbKH1rU/pW0CVigo1DAMx2JFHLNA5si/dr4i21DXpEJeH3UEgPQvcmlr7dHjXRNe0dBpzIzEnk36wlk1CiDdiLU/aGFSEuSruirgddOWsOAJYBwRSt6tVm5B4thTLkqeyj4xkW/8EnX2Z9PhGRcirRMWTQhzSwoIiZ+RBUKuwD7VfwtEsOl+8733I8fP0ETEpUwlyAHa3J6bWt0h9JXyVkklbqJ+n6Q5KWVEAIo4dgQGD+kNDhTEG7mg3b5Q2BTK7a01FaF4rkNth/FmFAw/KOkTVigkFyC29z60gSpi1uKpAoWYgjqL+cLezJIGZIbxJH18YwtNnHaJQHLncdW5fKLTDIGUEpKl7gMfD61itTNloBUC6nIJNSdmowtaC4ZSi6lHMnZ99684tI8EMkkc2Aa7Gr69egFIQRIUWSlJLM+gDjUtQfpFgqa3dsTYWDHUmuggExTBisPci7m7U0HXfxEjh0MopYzCL5dwLBqmLQFSmy9wVcUto4NbxXmUQGCilLOprnZIY05mK7EY9ftSkBkuxLPvqX0i1suhM4UGZ7UYM4ezwDFlDVBA1alNqGE8NiO+UuCwf4NXmH84MvEJJBoSQDStCBsa9INC9CuD3qlqJCTpZoCqVmpZyWDVq2wobjyiU0lIDACxL0vV4icWQAcoUkCjaauN+nSIjYlIQwFyC12FydWF/WEVyQoAOQQDQBrsQWrR3hhasxIfN473bfZonhsCSCSkhh3XPOlrCKoujD5KqNXZ9jr009IjP4kAclnBp4ZgaU5u36xYy8PQgpo7sa3+hC+IkpBtvo9GtWvlFErcACl1EF7M+9X+t4mtMxSalm95rgVoSfdEMTsQXyywwqC1zbUc22tEkSCEkkAFhVqnVhrtWsa/pZLkgIdKcuzl3o1Rck8tIHICsxUyiAGYi3RyC58LQ5LlMe8Nr0+Nun7wKcpmKR3akkiwox5beF9rYDxCwBUH4tqNX3iE2eGDEFtfd8G8oGZiCMr5XD8j59HgaZSQHB+tw0STSxNGURd06vSnpETMdTBQDcteW8bE0Ed3rSwv5xtKUmrgE1qGPWh01aAMKDdTX622Hp4wtNxIBYJPkx8rQz7fVkvyrtZ/CFp0/MwUHBcgi9n2roI1IWlpFCCfA08KGv7xuWvvAaAW0o5vEpKQGJcpbf5mNTJ4FCAWJ+Q/aJFZuJUSe4DzYRkTWUvVJ8z+kZGls1g6JSBQUgyff8ArcRkZBR9ZL1+tBFRJPfV0PxjIyCGJylnKqp016Q8tA79BQDTlGRkaROeLjr8otFBpSW3H/1G4yBMw3uH80L4Md4HkYyMgQuMLIDUufHKKwvwcW6/Jf6DyjIyL4g8So/zK/dbwrSHZQYH8nzjIyG+lQ5ynzPWoPiVKeHMDQkCg20vGRkc76CxKBdg/dq1dIBIPcPX5gRkZCYlh1kguSfd9QHhbFmvgfgI1GQglLNR1Hzhmas5rm6vQBoyMhMRxNZZetTfrCk5ZdFTdev9oRkZGviBCQSlw9B8VRFazkXU0I15xkZBSPgvdP1qn9YzEjvj8wHg9ukZGRkFws96p95Ou6VPEjp0T84yMjfwN400+tjCC1H1H+GMjIIVhJSMopGRkZAH/9k=" width="200" /></a><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">وللاستفادة من وفرة الإنتاج خلال هذا الفصل الملائم يلجأ مربي الماشية في البلدان المتوسطية إلى خزن فائض الإنتاج من الأعلاف لتكوين مخزون علفي يمكن توزيعه خلال بقية فترات السنة، خصوصا تلك التي تتميز بشح الأمطار أو برودة الطقس  مما يجنب الاستعمال المفرط للعلف المركز مثلما هو الحال اليوم وما قد يسببه من مضار تتعدى الجانب الاقتصادي إلى صحة وقدرة الحيوان على الإنتاج.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">ولخزن الأعلاف يمكن اللجوء لطريقتين مختلفتين : إما الخزن عبر الطريقة الجافة (</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">voie sèche</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) وهي تؤدي إلى إنتاج دريس "علف جاف" لا تتعدى رطوبته 15 بالمائة، أو عبر الطريقة الرطبة (</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">voie humide</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) وهي التي تؤدي إلى إنتاج سيلاج تتراوح رطوبته بين 60 و 70 بالمائة. ويعد حفظ الأعلاف في شكل سيلاج الطريقة الأفضل من حيث حفظ المكونات الغذائية للعلف (الأخضر) ( ماء، بروتين، فيتامينات، طاقة وألياف) فضلا عن الاستساغة.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1-<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="color: red; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">تعريف السيلاج<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">عملية السيلاج أو السيلجة :<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><u><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">السيلاج :<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">السيلاج هو علف رطب محفوظ في وسط حامضي ناتج عن حدوث تخمرات لا هوائية للمواد السكرية التي تتحول بشكل رئيسي إلى حمض اللكتيك (</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;">acide lactique</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span dir="RTL"></span>) بكميات كافية لتخفيض حموضة السيلاج إلى حد لا يسمح بتواصل النشاطات البكتيرية الضارة بجودة السيلاج و بصحة الحيوانات.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">*مميزات و عيوب السيلاج بالمقارنة مع العلف الجاف :<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">  - المميزات :</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يساعد السيلاج على تحقيق توازن العليقة والضغط على كلفتها، كما أن تواجده كأساس العليقة على مدار السنة, يقي القطيع من الاضطرابات الغذائية الناجمة عن التحولات الفجائية والمتكررة من نظام غذائي لآخر، إما بسبب غياب العلف الأخضر في العليقة أو لعدم قدرة المربي على إحضاره بسبب سوء الأحوال الجوية.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يشكل احتياطيا علفيا في المستغلات الكبرى تحسبا لحصول أزمات في تأمين توزيع المصادر العلفية الأخرى.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يمكن من تغطية فترات طويلة من السنة تقل فيها الأعلاف الخضراء وذلك بعلف خشن رطب ذي قيمة غذائية عالية، وتمتد هذه الفترة في تونس مثلا من الأشهر الأولى للصيف إلى شهر نوفمبر.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">حسب ما أثبتته الأبحاث يكون غالبا أكثر استساغة ومهضومية مقارنة بالعلف الجاف "قرط" "دريس"</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يمكن خزنه لمدة طويلة تصل إلى سنتين دون تغيير في قيمته الغذائية أو تركيبته الكيميائية.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يمكن حش الأعلاف المعدة لإنتاج السيلاج في الوقت الذي يتزامن مع الطور المناسب للقيمة الغذائية العالية وعدم التقيد بالظروف المناخية كما هو الحال بالنسبة لإنتاج القرط أو العلف الجاف.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يمكن إنجاز عملية السيلاج في ظروف جوية يصعب فيها تصنيع القرط وتجفيف الأعلاف الخضراء في الحقل.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يحتاج السيلاج إلى فضاء تخزين أصغر حجما بعشرة مرات مما يستوجب الدريس.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يمتاز السيلاج بقلة تعرضه للإحتراق أو التلف مقارنة بالدريس.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يمكن الحصول عليه باستعمال النباتات العلفية التي لها ساق غليظة وغير مناسبة للدريس كالذرة والدرع العلفي والسيلاّ.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span dir="RTL"></span>-العيوب (نقاط الضعف) :</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يحتاج إلى مطمور أو مكان للتخزين فضلا عن حاجته لبعض المعدات الخاصة والتي قد تفوق إمكانيات المربي الصغير في معظم الأحيان.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">لا يستعمل السيلاج في تغذية الحيوانات الصغيرة النامية وغير المجترات و المجترات الحوامل التي قاربت الولادة.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يصعب نقل الأعلاف المعدة للسيلاج من منطقة إلى أخرى وبالتالي لا يمكن تصنيعه إلا على عين المكان.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يمكن أن يؤدي السيلاج ذو الجودة الرديئة إلى تسمم الأبقار وحتى إلى موتها.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يمكن أن تصل نسبة ضياع السيلاج إلى أكثر من 40 بالمائة إذا لم يتم تصنيعه بطريقة سليمة.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><br /><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">   </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-TN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">يحتاج تصنيع السيلاج إلى إرشاد وتدريب للمربين ويستوجب كفاءة خاصة وإحاطة شاملة بقواعد إنجاحه.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: AR-TN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></div>

السيلاج

المقدمة : إن تحقيق الإكتفاء الذاتي من الحليب واللحوم الحمراء يعد من بين أهم أهداف التنمية الزراعية . وبالتالي لابد من العمل على توفير حاجيات...

+ مزيد من المعلومات »